Now I know other bad in infamously bad teams For example S11 and S16 blue teams and the S18 red team but here are some teams bad teams that ain't talked about enough and I'm basing this purely off talent and off memory so if you guys can think of any other teams let me know
S4 Blue Team: Now I love a few of these guys on this team. Petrozza, Bobby and Louross were my guys. Jason is a douchebag but seeing him fail was amazing and Matt was entertaining. But talent wise they only won 2 challenges and I think 2 services
S6 Red Team: Just like the the S4 Blue Team I loved a few of the Women on this team. Ariel, Tennille and Amanda and Suzanne is not as bad as people make her out to be. But talent wise even tho this team won quite a few challenges talent the Blue Team won more challenges I think and they only won 1 service
S7 Red Team: Holli, Nilka, Autumn and Siobhan at points I liked but oh my god this team got whooped by the blue team all season starting with the stat that they did not beat the blue team once in service. NOT A SINGLE ONE. The only team to not sit in the chairs during the elimination ceremony and the ONLY beat the Blue Team 3 times in challenges so yeah pretty bad
S10 Blue Team: Now I love this team personality wise. They were all funny and had some charisma and they did win quite a few challenges. They also only won 1 service and that is pitiful. Love this team tho
S17 Red Team: For an All-Star Red Team to get absolutely dominated by the Blue Team is absolutely embarrassing. First of all this team I think only won 2 services and I think 3 challenges. For an All-Star team to perform that bad is ridiculous
S21 Blue Team (40 Somethings): They just about lost every challenge and service it got so bad to the point where Ramsey abandoned the 20 somethings vs 40 somethings concept in episode 4 and I kid you not early in the season there was a period where like 5 or 6 40 somethings got eliminated in A ROW. Like these early 40 somethings were getting killed by the 20 somethings in the beginning
If you guys got anymore bad teams let me know

Took my exam Wednesday and my license posted Thursday night. Believe me, I am a terrible test taker and was an average nursing student. I have taken both versions of the NCLEX and although very similar, NGN was a lot better for me. Here’s what I did:
1st time: I only used Mark K and Archer. I was lacking a LOT of content and thought these two resources would be enough. Clearly that didn’t go well. I scheduled my exam for Thursday morning at 8:00 and completely guessed on the entire thing. Felt super unprepared and started tearing up mid-exam (bad test anxiety). I got 78 questions and walked out of the testing center knowing I failed. The next morning I received an email from the SBON saying I failed 🙃. At the time I had a job as a new grad nurse in the ICU and was quickly switched to a tech position. I felt super embarrassed and defeated and thought I wasn’t even going to try to take the exam again. About a month later I quit my job, opened my books again and gave it another try, still feeling very defeated…
2nd time: I focused on content, then answering practice questions. This time around I used Simple Nursing, UWorld, Kaplan, and Princeton Review. I know it’s not recommended to use multiple study resources, but I wanted to exhaust multiple avenues which ended up working for me. My top content resources were Simple Nursing and UWorld. These two resources honestly saved my life. My nursing program used Kaplan and although it wasn’t my favorite resource, I believe it looked EXACTLY like the NCLEX in my opinion. I used Princeton Review (free trial) the week before my exam and found it pretty helpful as well. I scheduled my exam for Wednesday at 12:30 pm to allow myself time to sleep in and take my time which relieved a lot of stress and anxiety for me. I arrived about an hour early to the testing center and did a little studying in the car before I went in (couldn’t help it lol). The exam this time around seemed so much easier and I was way more relaxed and felt a lot more prepared than I did before. Test shut off at 85 and my heart sank a little but I still felt fine. Did the PVT several times a few hours after my exam and received the good pop up. Checked the bon website and my license was posted the next night.
Throughout this process I cannot stress to you enough how much prayer has helped me. I give all the glory to God as he has brought me through! I thank God and this sub for being with me throughout this process. Don’t get discouraged! You only truly fail if you give up. NGN was a lot nicer to me than the old version but still make sure you know your content and do as many practice questions as you can . MAKE SURE YOU TAKE BREAKS. Don’t consume your days with just studying. I know you all can do this. Wishing all my future nurses the very best!

I bought a new 2018 Rav4 Hybrid SE a little over 4 years ago and this past month the power liftgate stopped working. It beeps teice when using the button in the drivers seat or either button on the door as if there is an object obstructing it from closing. After making sure the sensors are not pushed in, trying the height reset, vehicle setting power off/on and other online fixes I finally went to the dealer and was told I needed to replace both struts (part numbers 68910-49135 and 68920-49135). The service advisers also mentioned these parts fail pretty often and are badly designed. They said that after market parts are cheaper and are no worse than the OEM Toyota parts (~$300 each). I haven't found an aftermarket part that says it is a replacememt for those part numbers but have had after market stores (fridayparts.com) say that part numbers 68920-09080 and 68910-09110 (~$250 pair) are compatible. I'm wondering if anyone has had the pleasure of this repair and has any advice or suggestions. I've had other cars with power trunks with no problems and didnt expect such bad quality from Toyota.

The Create Mod had a pretty exciting update recently. When I tried updating it and "Create Crafts & Additions", there were several mods that failed to load correctly: Advanced Peripherals, Little Contraptions, and Ars Creo.
I'm wondering if anyone knows a way around this problem or if there is a solution? Or do I just need to hold off on the Create update until the ATM team figures it out and updates the modpack as a whole?

Hitting 30 in a few months, and decided to get some microneedling done to take care of some old acne scars. Actually, what the derma clinic I went to pushed for is AdvaTX (AdvaLight) then RF Microneedling (Vivace) and then Exosomes (some stem cell serum applied via microneedling too)
Problem is.... I was a very heavy smoker and drinking, recently I significantly cut back on drinking and plan on cutting smoking in a few years but I have no other ways to really manage work stress, youngest c-suite in our conglomerate across the other execs so it's a lot of pressure and a lot of work, and we just got a new ceo so it's been very very stressful so far. Literally been working weekends til 10pm calls with my ceo (who rly doesnt seem to have boundaries) over every little thing
I just had my session done yesterday (advatx+vivace+exosomes) and have been smoke and alcohol free so far, but tomorrow I'm presenting to the conglo CFO, and have a 1:1 with our board chairman on Tuesday and I'm pretty sure I'm going to cave (hell, just imagining it now REALLY tempts me already
How bad will my results be if I do? Since it's typically recommended to avoid any tobacco/alcohol for 2-3d minimum before and after (and recommended to abstain for 3w-6mo, tho rly... everyone ALWAYS just says 'just quit' like it's an easy thing to do)
I smoke iQos (so not quite cigarettes but not quite vapes). If I decide to just cap it (e.g. 2-5 sticks a day on work days) during the recovery period, will it make much difference? Esp if I can cut it on weekends (still a tall order, since my new CEO loves bugging me on weekends and work is my primary trigger for smoking/drinking)
I take VitB12 and VitC daily, started drinking more green tea (helps also with alcohol cravings, which are easier to 'replace' than smoking) and protein (fish/chicken) since they also supposedly help collagen production but I'm terrified of how I'll look after (if smoking ends up with me looking worse than before)
Before Everything (3w ago)
After AdvaTx (2w before RF Microneedling)
Right after All 3 (AdvaTx, RF Microneedling and Exosomes just yday)
After 1 Day (today)
I assume they didn't go too hard too early, since I've seen others with more drastic effects (no scabbing on my side for example after 1 day)
Doctor even says I can smoke/drink but I of course looked it up online and found marginally conflicting (but unanimous "DONT DRINK OR SMOKE") stuff.
Pretty sure it's legit bec honestly in my country, they cater to many of the artists and actors (and my doctor is my aunt's who is one of their VIPs, like $30k-$50k+ a year) and I got roped into like $4k (supposedly heavily discounted). But I am very suspicious on why she says it's 'fine' to smoke/drink (unless it's sandbagging I guess to keep me spending there idk) and wanted everyone's advice
Thanks in advance, I do plan on quitting soon once I've hit a place I'm comfy in career-wise and can afford to 'drop down' enough so I can finally start coasting (so I can avoid the extreme stress, since that's my primary trigger) but I can't afford to yet (just about to hit 30 soon) and honestly... I don't see any way of surviving the stress and struggle without any vices

So for a little backstory, my best friend and I became besties about 4 years ago when we came to college. Last summer they introduced me to their coworker who they had a crush on and her and I became friends quickly. while my bestie was in europe for a few weeks, we hung out a lot and became pretty good friends. Once my bestie came back from Europe, the two of them started dating and continued a relationship for about 3 (maybe 4) months. Eventually, they broke up but it was an amicable breakup and was caused by my bestie believing that the other person wasn’t fully ready to be in a relationship yet, so they cut it off.
Apparently when they broke up, my bestie told her to not hang out with/ talk to me anymore (which I didn’t find out until after they broke up bc bestie never told me about this). So I continued to talk to her and would hang out with her. Eventually I moved away from the college town bc I graduated so I didn’t keep in touch with her as much. Then I went down to visit bestie a few months ago and ran into the ex/my friend and was catching up with her. My bestie got really mad at me and asked me to not be friends with her which was upsetting to me because I had a friendship with this girl outside of their relationship which I voiced to my bestie. Fast forward to now and I still hang out with the girl every once in a while, and I posted a picture of her on my Instagram a few days ago which made bestie really upset and led them to unfollowing my Instagram because they didn’t want to be “bombarded” with pictures of her. Bestie is adamant about me not being friends with her which is upsetting and difficult because I think that she’s a great friend and it’s a bit confusing because it wasn’t a tumultuous breakup in which either of them did anything bad to the other.
Anyways, am I in the wrong for continuing this friendship with my besties ex?

SV 70 https://imgur.com/a/r3p2Oz9 Thinning the herd again. Looking to sell my tpk exclusive, Qsp jigged titanium penguin mini with m390 blade. I am the original owner. Never cut or carried. I heat anodized the clip a little ways back and think it turned out pretty cool. I love this sexy little blade but just never made it into the rotation so I figured I’d pass it along. SV-100not looking for any trades
PPff no notes please

Here’s what I look like: (https://imgur.com/a/QWQaZE3) I’m pretty tall (6’3”) with a lean build, but I’m starting to put on some mass.
I’m a central Long Islander who’s just looking for good vibes with someone down-to-Earth, and hopefully also located on Long Island. Someone I could share memes and watch movies with. Someone I could talk to for hours into the night and share music and memes with. Weebs and gamers are especially welcome. If you’re on the awkward or introverted side, it’s far more likely to endear you to me than turn me away. I deal with demanding people and responsibilities being dumped on me at home AND at work, and nothing would make me happier than to meet someone I can let my guard down and decompress and geek out with.
I got promoted to project manager at the testing lab I work at about a month ago, and have been working long hours to acquaint myself with the position and get comfortable. In addition, I teach weekly ESL classes to Spanish and Haitian Creole-speaking locals. I’ve had to financially support my mom (long story short: my father is a complete non-factor in my life) and manage our home for the past few years, which has locked me into “workaholic” mode. With the promotion/raise, Mom’s health improving, and less need to work long shifts now that I’ve got my shit together though, it looks like I may be free to start relaxing and enjoying myself. Free to “live” a little, so to speak. My ultimate goal, career-wise, is to break into financial or managerial accounting, but hopefully not be married to my work and have time to take things easy and enjoy the little things in life between work.
Just about anyone who knows me would describe me as calm, collected, blunt, and generally on top of things. I don’t mince words when I see that something is wrong, and I like to see issues resolved or at least communicated as quickly and thoroughly as possible. I have a dry, sarcastic sense of humor that a lot of people seem to find hilarious. For anyone who cares (I personally don’t), I’m a Libra and apparently an extreme ISTJ. (A buddy made me take a test) Outside of my work and personal responsibilities, though, I tend to be pretty relaxed and unconcerned about most things. A lot of stuff just isn’t worth losing sleep over, you know? That aside, I tend to appreciate the more quiet and simple things in life, so I tend not to get along with loud or materialistic people, or people who always need drama and noise in their lives.
Just a few things I like to indulge in, when I can:
- Going out for excursions and exploring Long Island (lately I’ve been interested in exploring new parks and restaurants)
- Learning about animals and watching animal/pet videos
- Reading/Literature (I’m on a hunt for rustic, realistic/historical fiction kind of novels like Pearl S. Buck’s “House of Earth” trilogy or more psychedelic or dark works like Haruki Murakami’s Kafka on the Shore or Ozamu Dazai’s No Longer Human.)
- Documentaries about history, social phenomena, true crime, and nature
- Studying foreign languages (I know 4) as well as learning about foreign countries’ history, culture, and recent/current goings-on
- Anime and manga. Thoroughly familiar with Naruto (not Boruto, though), Dragon Ball Z, Fullmetal Alchemist, One Punch Man, My Hero Academia, and Attack on Titan, but now I’m more interested in more experimental, dark, and lesser-known/standalone works like Samurai Champloo or Texhnolyze or Mushishi. My most recent readthrough was Holyland.
- Gaming, although I’m as casual as it gets. I only have a Switch at the moment, and mostly play Smash, Saint’s Row, Animal Crossing, Sifu,and Street Fighter, although I’m getting more and more interested in fighting games by the day. I’m hoping to get a PS4 sometime in the future. Also currently replaying Pokemon HeartGold and Black 2, so Pokemon nerds, feel free to hit me up!
- Putting together folders of cool images, backgrounds, aesthetics, and scenery.
- Listening to music and putting together playlists. I’m super into metal, alternative, bossa… Anything on the mellower side, I guess, although I’ll listen to just about anything besides country. Tell me all about your favorite artists.

Here’s what I look like: (https://imgur.com/a/QWQaZE3) I’m pretty tall (6’3”) with a lean build, but I’m starting to put on some mass.
I’m a central Long Islander who’s just looking for good vibes with someone down-to-Earth, and hopefully also located on Long Island. Someone I could share memes and watch movies with. Someone I could talk to for hours into the night and share music and memes with. Weebs and gamers are especially welcome. If you’re on the awkward or introverted side, it’s far more likely to endear you to me than turn me away. I deal with demanding people and responsibilities being dumped on me at home AND at work, and nothing would make me happier than to meet someone I can let my guard down and decompress and geek out with.
I got promoted to project manager at the testing lab I work at about a month ago, and have been working long hours to acquaint myself with the position and get comfortable. In addition, I teach weekly ESL classes to Spanish and Haitian Creole-speaking locals. I’ve had to financially support my mom (long story short: my father is a complete non-factor in my life) and manage our home for the past few years, which has locked me into “workaholic” mode. With the promotion/raise, Mom’s health improving, and less need to work long shifts now that I’ve got my shit together though, it looks like I may be free to start relaxing and enjoying myself. Free to “live” a little, so to speak. My ultimate goal, career-wise, is to break into financial or managerial accounting, but hopefully not be married to my work and have time to take things easy and enjoy the little things in life between work.
Just about anyone who knows me would describe me as calm, collected, blunt, and generally on top of things. I don’t mince words when I see that something is wrong, and I like to see issues resolved or at least communicated as quickly and thoroughly as possible. I have a dry, sarcastic sense of humor that a lot of people seem to find hilarious. For anyone who cares (I personally don’t), I’m a Libra and apparently an extreme ISTJ. (A buddy made me take a test) Outside of my work and personal responsibilities, though, I tend to be pretty relaxed and unconcerned about most things. A lot of stuff just isn’t worth losing sleep over, you know? That aside, I tend to appreciate the more quiet and simple things in life, so I tend not to get along with loud or materialistic people, or people who always need drama and noise in their lives.
Just a few things I like to indulge in, when I can:
- Going out for excursions and exploring Long Island (lately I’ve been interested in exploring new parks and restaurants)
- Learning about animals and watching animal/pet videos
- Reading/Literature (I’m on a hunt for rustic, realistic/historical fiction kind of novels like Pearl S. Buck’s “House of Earth” trilogy or more psychedelic or dark works like Haruki Murakami’s Kafka on the Shore or Ozamu Dazai’s No Longer Human.)
- Documentaries about history, social phenomena, true crime, and nature
- Studying foreign languages (I know 4) as well as learning about foreign countries’ history, culture, and recent/current goings-on
- Anime and manga. Thoroughly familiar with Naruto (not Boruto, though), Dragon Ball Z, Fullmetal Alchemist, One Punch Man, My Hero Academia, and Attack on Titan, but now I’m more interested in more experimental, dark, and lesser-known/standalone works like Samurai Champloo or Texhnolyze or Mushishi. My most recent readthrough was Holyland.
- Gaming, although I’m as casual as it gets. I only have a Switch at the moment, and mostly play Smash, Saint’s Row, Animal Crossing, Sifu,and Street Fighter, although I’m getting more and more interested in fighting games by the day. I’m hoping to get a PS4 sometime in the future. Also currently replaying Pokemon HeartGold and Black 2, so Pokemon nerds, feel free to hit me up!
- Putting together folders of cool images, backgrounds, aesthetics, and scenery.
- Listening to music and putting together playlists. I’m super into metal, alternative, bossa… Anything on the mellower side, I guess, although I’ll listen to just about anything besides country. Tell me all about your favorite artists.

I get a lot of people like this show because they watched it when they were kids, but watching it as an adult I'm finding it hard.
The premise never really grabbed me, because it isn't Bruce, and the setting is vastly different from most versions of Gotham. It's a generic futurescape that was common to 90s kids cartoons (like Phantom 2040), and basically a spider-man by way of Batman. Pretty sure teh execs even exactly asked for something like Spider-man.
I'm almost done with season 2, and so far the only episode I really thought was moving was the "Earth Mover" episode. The series as a whole doesn't have the gravitas that BTAS did (nor did Superman TAS to be fair), and all too often they seem to have a disregard for the enemies, as in the "Earth Mover" episode, and the episode with the guy who couldn't stop falling - that oddly, Bruce had little empathy for.
Not that it doesn't have some good episodes and moments, seeing Bruce being old in the batcave is still cool, and the reveal about Terry's origin was cool, but mostly I'm finding the episodes forgettable and lacking any real depth. It's still ultimately a kids show, so maybe that is to be expected, but when comparing it to BTAS I think it comes up woefully short.
Anyone else agree?

Hey it’s may 28th and a long pretty awesome Parade just went down my little street. It was some kind of South American parade, lots of different flags from there. Band playing even, followed by a ton of horseback riders. Just wondering what it was. Was an awesome surprise.

Warning: This will be a long nerdy post with a lengthy explanation of Magic Find mechanics, including math and graphs. (18 graphs, 4280 words, 20342 characters).
If you don’t want to read this wall of text, you can Ctrl+F and search for TLDR
​

• This Post is meant as an Advanced Guide to Magic Find. You should already be familiar with the basics of Magic Finding before continuing with this post. Or if you like nerdy Diablo stuff, go right ahead.
• This Post delves into the mathematical formulas and code behind Magic Find. It’s NOT about “clear speed vs MF” or “best place to farm X item” or “full zones clearing vs elite sniping” or anything like that.
• Its purpose is to provide a comprehensive overview of Magic Find mechanics. This is a summary of Magic Find knowledge so you, the player, would have more understanding on how it all works.

Frequently, people inquire about the optimal amount of Magic Find. The typical response is that more Magic Find is generally better, but there are diminishing returns. Often, an EffectiveMF graph is referenced to illustrate this point. For example, one of such posts from a month ago.
However, relying solely on EffectiveMF graphs and diminishing returns can be highly misleading! Effective Magic Find is just one small component of the overall Magic Find formula! The Complete Magic Find formula takes several values from the game into the account when calculating your chances to get Unique / Set / Rare / Magic items. The final results are intricate and influenced by various factors. it is not as simple as this graph:
https://preview.redd.it/7uwnr9sa1n2b1.png?width=792&format=png&auto=webp&s=563dcea5172691d997c4c5c59f5e9905a009dae2
Why is this graph misleading? What does it actually tell us? Effective Magic Find grows Logarithmically, it has diminishing returns! Great! So, what does that mean? How does Magic Find and EffectiveMF actually affect our chances to get Unique, Set, Rare items? How many rare items do we get with 100 MF vs 500 MF? EffectiveMF for blue Magic Items grows linearly. Great, but what does that mean? How many more Magic items do we get?? Is there a limit to MF? This graph doesn’t tell us much unless you are very knowledgeable about the Magic Find process!
To answer all these questions, I have developed my own Drop Calculator with some advanced functions that showcase the actual distribution of items based on player Magic Find stat. My Drop Calculator takes into account all possible variables of the Magic Find function and displays the results in nice Graph form. Before showing the Item distribution graphs, I will first try to explain the complete MF Formula.

Selecting the Base Item

Selecting the Base Item is the initial step before the game applies the Magic Find formula to determine the magic quality of the item (Unique, Set, Rare, Magic). Examples of Base Items are: Diadem, Shako, Short Sword, Long Staff, Mage Plate, Sacred Armor etc..
Magic Find has no effect on Base Item selection! The Base Item is decided through Treasure Class selection and random roll mechanism. It is a fairly complex topic and deserves a post on its own. I won't go to much into details since Treasure Class selection is not the main focus of this post, but in short:
Each monster in the game from Act Bosses through Elite Packs to white trash monsters is assigned a “Treasure Class”. A Treasure Class is essentially a group or collection of items that can drop from that particular monster. There are many different TCs in the game typically comprising combinations of Item Drops (Base Items), Gold Drops, Junk Drops, Rune/Jewelry/Charm Drops, and NoDrop (indicating that no item will drop).
With random rolls, the game determines the type of item that the monster will drop, be it equipment, potion, rune, gold, etc. Once the item type is established, the game then checks if the item can be upgraded to Unique, Set, or other rarities. For the purposes of further discussion about Magic Find formula, we will assume that the game has selected an equipable item (Base Item, be it a Weapon or Armor). So what happens next? How does the game decide which quality to drop?

Selecting the Item Quality

Now that the game has the Base Item (Diadem, Shako, Mage Plate, etc.), two functions are called one after another to give the Base Item a specific quality. (There is some other stuff in between these two functions but this is the gist of it). Functions are pseudonym named: RollMagicQuality and MakeItemUnique (or MakeItemSet, MakeItemRare etc. depending on the roll from RollMagicQuality function). RollMagicQuality function is the main function that determines if the items will be a Unique, Set, Rare, Magic item. But let's first talk about MakeItemUnique:
MakeItemUnique (or Set, or Rare, or Magic) function confirms the roll from RollMagicQuality and double checks if the selected Base Item can drop as a Unique item. This is where you get those “Failed Uniques” as triple durability Rare item drops.
The MakeItemUnique function also determines which Unique item will drop if there are more Unique items for the selected Base Item. It adds up the Rarity value from the UniqueItems.txt file and rolls a random number to pick a Unique item. Examples are Tyrael’s or Templars Armor for Sacred Armor, The Cranium Basher or Earth Shifter for Thunder Maul, Azurewrath or Lightsabre for Phase Blade, etc.. Selection is fully random and can not be influenced by the Player.
There are 3 ways that Unique Item can fail to pass the MakeItemUnique check:

1. A Unique item will fail to roll if the Quality Level (qlvl) is higher than Item Level (ilvl). Quality Level refers to Level value from UniqueItems.txt file and its fixed. Each Unique item has a predetermined fixed Quality Level. Item Level is a different stat, basically ilvl is a level of the monster that dropped the item. When ilvl is lower than qlvl, a Unique item will fail to drop! Example of this is: Arachnid Mesh can not drop from Pindleskin! Qlvl of Arachnid Mesh is 87, Pindleskin is a level 86 monster that drops items with ilvl 86. Since qlvl of Arachnid Mesh is 87 and always higher than ilvl of Pindle items, Base Item Spiderweb Sash will never be a Unique item.
2. A Unique item will fail to roll if Base Item has no Unique version. The Item can pass a Unique check of RollMagicQuality function, but MakeItemUnique is the one that actually makes the item Unique. If there is no Unique version of the selected Base Item, the Base Item will fail this roll. Examples of this would be the Unique Archon Plate. There is no Unique Archon Plate, so every time the Base Item AP drops and passes the RollMagicQuality check for Unique item, it will drop as a Rare item with triple durability.
3. A Unique item will fail to roll if the same Unique item has already dropped in the current game session. Everytime the MakeItemUnique function makes the Unique version for a selected Base Item, it logs the Unique drop in a special List of dropped Unique items. The function checks the List every time it tries to roll a Unique item. If the Unique item is already on the list, the selected Base Item will drop as a Rare item with triple durability.

Base Item needs to pass all 3 checks of this function for the item to successfully drop as a Unique Item! Same thing applies for MakeItemSet, only now the Failed Set Items drop as a Magic Items with double durability.
Before the MakeItemUnique function is called, the Base Item needs to pass the RollMagicQuality selection.

RollMagicQuality Function

RollMagicQuality is where the magic happens! (pun intended!). RollMagicQuality is the function that actually picks the quality of the Base Item, based on your "% Better Chance of Getting Magic Item" stat and other variables in the game. This function determines your Unique / Set / Rare / Magic / etc probability.
Based on your %MF and other variables, RollMagicQuality function will first try to roll for a Unique item. If that random roll is lower than a certain number, the Base Item will not be a Unique item and RollMagicQuality will try to roll for a Set item. If that fails, the function will try to roll for a Magic item and so on.
The order for selecting Item Quality is always: Unique > Set > Rare > Magic > Superior > Normal. This order will be very important later on. If the Base Item passes one of these checks, the RollMagicQuality function stops and the above-mentioned MakeItemUnique(or MakeItemSet, or MakeItemRare, etc) will be called.
Step by step walkthrough on how RollMagicQuality function actually works. After the explanation, I will use my Drop Calculator to showcase the drop rates of different quality items based on Player Magic Find.
Step 1) Chance = (BaseChance - floor((ilvl-qlvl)/Divisor))*128
This is the code of the Magic Find Formula. Game reads the required values from a few sources, the main one, and the most important is itemRatio.txt file. This file determines your drop rates of Unique, Set, Rare and Magic items more than your Magic Find stat!

• BaseChance = value from "Unique/Rare/Set" column from itemRatio.txt
• ilvl = "item level" is level of a monster that dropped the Base Item
• qlvl = “quality level” value from "level" column from Armor.txt and Weapons.txt
• Divisor = value from "Unique/Rare/Set Divisor" column from itemRatio.txt
• Floor = division of integers, result is rounded down. (that is how the game works)
• 128 = multiplier for better precision.

itemRatio.txt and values within it are extremely important. The game utilizes different values depending on the Type of the Base Item. In other words: Class Specific items, Exceptional/Elite and Normal items have different chances to become Unique items. If we look at itemRation.txt we can see 6 rows:

• 1st Row refers to Normal items from Classic Diablo.
• 2nd Row refers to Exceptional/Elite items from Classic Diablo (there are no such items so we can ignore this row)
• 3rd Row refers to Normal items from Expansion.
• 4th Row refers to Exceptional/Elite from Expansion (has same values as 3rd Row)
• 5th Row refers to Class Specific Normal items
• 6th Row refers to Class Specific Exceptional/Elite items. (has same values as 5th Row)

From this, we can conclude that there are 3 types of different Base items: Normal Base Items, Exceptional/Elite Base Items, Class Specific Items. When the Base Item drops, the game checks item version values from weapons.txt and armor.txt and class specific values from itemTypes.txt. Based on those values, the game loads required BaseChance and Divisor values needed for the Magic Find formula and calculates your Chance: Chance = (BaseChance - floor((ilvl-qlvl)/Divisor))*128
Step 2) Chance= floor(100*Chance/(100+EffectiveMF))
After the first step, the game adjusts your chances with EffectiveMF. EffectiveMF is calculated with the formula: EffectiveMF=floor(Factor*(MF-100)/(Factor+MF-100)) Where

• Factor is: 250 for Unique items, 500 for Set items and 600 for Rare items
• MF is: your Characters Magic Find that is your "% Better Chance of Getting Magic Item" from your items with added values of 100: Magic Find = Better Chance of Getting Magic Items + 100. You basically have a base MF value even with 0% BCoGMI stat on items. EffectiveMF is only calculated if you have more than 10% Better Chance of Getting Magic Item but that's not really that important.

This is where that intial Graph comes from. It shows the EffectiveMF with diminishing returns. Here is the Graph again in more detail:
https://preview.redd.it/y3t2x7pd1n2b1.png?width=1408&format=png&auto=webp&s=0f1e43f98d5de4c9ba6a4652cc1a793cfa5755d6
Here, we can see something interesting for the first time in this post. Graph is NOT continuous but has rather discrete jumps. This is the result of the game using integer division for its calculation. For example:

1. You have 697% Better Chance of Magic Items on your gear. To calculate the EffectiveMF for Unique drops, you first add 100 to get Character Magic Find and then use this formula: floor(250*(797-100)/(250+797-100)) = 184% EffectiveMF for Unique items
2. You get two more Small Charms with 7% mf and now you have 711% Better Chance of Magic Items on your gear. EffectiveMF for Unique items is now: floor(250*(811-100)/(250+811-100)) = 184% EffectiveMF for Unique items! Exactly the same!

Going from 697 MF on your gear to 711 MF on your gear did nothing to improve your chances of getting Unique items. There are “Break Points” for Magic Find!
So, the game calculates your EffectiveMF and uses that value to get your new Chance: Chance= floor(100*Chance/(100+EffectiveMF))
Step 3) Chance=max(Chance,minChance)
Where the minChance is the value from the "UniqueMin" column from itemRatio.txt. Game checks if you have reached the maximum Chance for selected rarity. There is an upper limit on how many Unique, Set, Rare, Magic items you can get even with millions and millions of Magic Find on Hero Edited items!
That limit is unreachable for Unique items with standard game gear. But it is easily accomplished for Set, Rare and Magic items. Effects of this upper limit will be seen later in the Graphs.
Step 4) FinalChance=Chance-floor(Chance*QualityFacto1024)
Game adjusts your chances once again based on the QualityFactor of the monster that dropped the Base Item. Higher the QualityFactor of the monster, the better chance you have of getting Unique, Set, Rare, Magic items from that monster. This QualityFactor has a huge influence on your overall chances.
QF of 1024 means that ALL dropped Base Items will roll that quality and QF of 600 means that 4.8% of dropped Base items will become the desired quality at best. Here is the table with all monsters that have specified QualityFactors:
https://preview.redd.it/3j1hx4te1n2b1.png?width=587&format=png&auto=webp&s=4089a11e6ae143aa850130e038109c0212740121
You can see that Andariel has the highest QF of them all. That is because of “Quest Bug” that now became a feature in D2R. Act Bosses also have high QualityFactor. QF of 1024 for Magic items means all these monsters will always drop at least a Magic item and won't drop standard White items.
Final Step 5) random(FinalChance)<128 than: item is Unique
Game randomly rolls a number between 0 and your FinalChance. If that number is lower than 128 then the selected Base Item will become an Unique item and the above-mentioned MakeItemUnique function is called to double check if the selected Base Item can become an Unique.
If the randomly rolled number is higher than 128, selected Base Item fails and the game goes back to Step 1 and redos the process all over again for Set Item check. If that fails, the game redos the process for Rare Item check and so on. Again, the order for selecting Item Quality is always: Unique > Set > Rare > Magic > Superior > Normal.
Now that we know the process, let's look at one example: Let’s say you have 500 Magic Find on your gear, you just killed Hell Baal and the game dropped you a Diadem as a Base Item. What is the chance for that Diadem to be a Unique Diadem (Griffon’s Eye)? Lets go step by step while looking at itemRatio.txt file:

1. Chance = (BaseChance - floor((ilvl-qlvl)/Divisor))*128. Diadem is an Elite Expansion item, so BaseChance will be 400 and Divisor will be 1. Qlvl of Diadem is 85 and ilvl is 99. Chance = (400 - floor((99-85)/1))*128 = 49408
2. Chance= floor(100*Chance/(100+EffectiveMF)). To calculate EffectiveMF we use =floor(250*(600-100)/(250+600-100)) = 166 Now we can calculate the Chance= floor(100*49408/(100+166)) = 18574
3. Chance=max(Chance,minChance) minChance for Elite Expansion items from itemRation.txt is 6400. Our number is higher so we use 18574
4. FinalChance=Chance-floor(Chance*QualityFacto1024). The QualityFactor of Hell Baal is 983. So we now have: FinalChance=18574-floor(18574*983/1024) = 744
5. random(FinalChance)<128. we randomly roll a number between 0 and 744 and compare it to 128. It's basically: 128/744 = 0.1720430108

Everytime you kill Hell Baal with 500 Magic Find on your gear and it drops a Diadem, you have a 17.204% chance for that Diadem to be a Griffon’s Eye. With 100 Magic Find on your gear you have 11.063% chance for that Diadem to be a Griffon’s Eye. Going from 100 MF to 500 MF will increase your Unique chance by 6.141%!

Graphs, Graphs, and more Graphs

Now that we know how to calculate our Unique chances, it's time for some Graph! Please keep in mind, these graphs do not show your chance to get a specific item. These graphs show your chance for the Base Item to become an Unique item based on your Magic Find on your gear!
Drop Calculator goes through the complete Treasure Class list for the selected monster, pulls all Base Items that can drop and their probabilities, goes through all necessaries files like treasureclassex.txt, itemRation.txt, weapons.txt, armor.txt, itemTypes.txt, uniqueItems.txt and gets all needed values we talked about and calculates the probabilities for each point of Magic Find and for more or less, each monster in the game… But let's start with something simple:
Chance for a Base Item to become an Unique item (Boss)
Above graph shows the chance for a Base Item to become an Unique item when killing the Act Boss (Duriel, Mephisto, Diablo, Baal). Nothing abnormal here. The more Magic Find you have on your gear the better chance you have for a Base Item to become an Unique item. With 300 MF you have a pretty high chance to get a Class Specific Unique item at 25%! Here are some key details:

• We still have Break Points. There are discrete jumps in the graph. The more MF we have, the more we need for the next jump.
• With 0 MF you still have 6.7% chance for a Normal/Exceptional/Elite Unique Item and 11.2% chance for a Class Specific Unique item.
• With 167 MF you have double (x2) the amount of Unique items then with 0 MF. You chance is now 13.4% for Normal/Exceptional/Elite Unique Item ans 22.4% for Class Specific Unique item
• With 1000 MF you have triple (x3) the amount of Unique items than with 0 MF. You chance is now 20.1% for Normal/Exceptional/Elite Unique Item ans 33.6% for Class Specific Unique item

​
Chance for a Base Item to become an Unique item (Unique monster)
Above graph shows the chance for a Base Item to become an Unique item when killing the Unique monster in Area level 85. (standard Pit run, CS run, AT run, WSK run), just for the reference point, Our chances are much lower than from killing an Act Boss. It is because the QualityFactor for Act Bosses is 983 while QF for Unique monsters is 800. (all other values are basically the same except qlvl-ilvl difference which does not affect drop rates that much).
​
Chance for a Base Item to become an Set item (Boss)
Above graph shows the chance for a Base Item to become a Set item when killing the Act Boss. Now things are starting to look interesting! Why does it look like this? Because you can reach the maximum chance for Set items easily with enough Magic Find! After reaching that limit, your chances won’t increase any further. In fact, your chances for Rare items start to drop off with more Magic Find! It is because the game always checks for Unique > Set > Rare etc in that order. So more Base Items will become Unique items before they can become Set items.
For Normal Items, it maxes out at 290 MF, for Class Specific items it maxes at 255 MF and for Exceptional/Elite items it maxes out at 520 MF. After those values, you will see less Set items.
​
Chance for a Base Item to become an Rare item (Boss)
Above graph shows the chance for a Base Item to become a Rare item when killing the Act Boss. Now things are starting to look really strange! You reach the maximum chance for Exceptional/Elite and Class Specific items early on; you never reach the maximum chance for Normal items. Your chances for Rare items start to drop off with more Magic Find! More Base Items can become Unique items and Set items (or Failed Set items) before they can become Rare items.
​
Chance for a Base Item to become an Rare item (Unique monster)
For reference, chances for the Base Item to become a Rare item from a Unique monster are more flat but they still have maximum values and very slowly drop off with more Magic Find.
Now that we know the chance distribution per Unique / Set / Rare, let's look at some graphs for Normal, Exceptional/Elite and Class Specific items per monster kill.
For this part, we can pick the Monster that we are interested in, we can pick an Item Type we are interested in and the quality level of the item (qlvl). If we look at the initial formula above, the quality level is used in the calculation for a Base Item upgrade. Qlvl only affects the drop chance a little, but I wanted to be accurate as much as I can:
​
https://preview.redd.it/vujwr8ft2n2b1.png?width=351&format=png&auto=webp&s=3214af2f3708fcaea6684bf86a714fd07e9fd8fd
​
Chance for a Exceptional and Elite items to upgrade to specified magic rarity (Boss)
Above graph shows the Chance distribution for all Exceptional/Elite Items that drop from Diablo. Something looks strange… After 420 Magic Find, NO Magic quality Exceptional/Elite Item will drop! But you are sure you saw some Magic items when you were farming Bosses, right? That is because the vast majority of Magic Exceptional/Elite items are Failed Set items! (when farming bosses). There are very few Set items compared to all Base Items. So when RollMagicQuality Function is successful for Set check and calls MakeItemSet, the MakeItemSet function can’t successfully make a Set item because there is no Set item for selected Base Item. Value of 71 for qlvl is used. It is a median level value of all Exceptional/Elite items that can drop from Diablo.
We can see chances for Unique Diadem (Griffon's Eye) is about 17.181% while chances for set Diadem is 46.292%. Ratio between the two is 2.69. If we go to any Online Drop Calculator, Maxroll Drop Calc for example, and we pick Baal (Baal because Diablo can't drop Diadems Base Items) and we compare the chances. We can see the chances for any Player count has same ratio as 2.69.
​
Chance for a Class Specific items to upgrade to specified magic rarity (Boss)
Above graph shows the Chance distribution for all Class Specific Items that drop from Diablo. Same thing is true for Class Specific drops. Vast majority of Magic quality Class Specific drops you see from Act Bosses are actually Failed Set items. Value of 43 for qlvl is used. It is a median level value of all Class Specific items that can drop from Diablo.
​
Chance for a Normal items to upgrade to specified magic rarity (Boss)
Above graph shows the Chance distribution for all Normal Items that drop from Diablo. Things look a little better for Normal Items. Magic quality items slowly drop off but never reach the bottom. It is because of Divisor value for Magic quality in itemRatio.txt file. Value of 28 for qlvl is used. It is a median level value of all Class Specific items that can drop from Diablo
​
Chance for a Exceptional and Elite items to upgrade to specified magic rarity (Unique monster)
Above graph shows the Chance distribution for all Exceptional/Elite Items that drop from standard Unique monsters from Level 85 Area. Just showcasing the upper limits of monsters that are farmed regularly. After 490 MF your chances for Unique items will continue to increase, but chances for every other quality will flatten out or start to decrease. Same goes for Class Specific items, while Normal items for Rare quality will continue to rise slowly.
Now, let's combine all Graphs per Item Type into one Graph that shows Base Item chance to upgrade for selected monster and its Treasure Class:
https://preview.redd.it/ssro5blt3n2b1.png?width=376&format=png&auto=webp&s=035e84edee488ea5daaeaf05f33254ee1c7514c9
Based on selected settings; (what monster are we looking at, Player and Party Settings and if the monster is Terrorized or not), the Drop Calculator picks the corresponding Treasure Class for that monster. It calculates the probabilities for each single Base Item drop for that selected Monster. it checks what Type each Base Item is (is it Normal, Exceptional/Elite or Class Specific item) and calculates the cumulative upgrade Chance for each Unique / Set / Rare / Magic version based on Normal, Exceptional/Elite or Class Specific distribution…
For Diablo kills (for Act 5 (H) Equip A Treasure Class) Item distribution is:

• Normal Items: 67.84870452%
• Exceptional/Elite Items: 20.29650961%
• Class Specific Items: 11.85478587%

If we apply what we have learned so far, we get a Final Graph that looks like this:
​
Final Chance Graph
Above graph shows the final Chance for Base Item upgrade. I would like to point out that the reason we are seeing Magic items here it’s because Normal Base Item drops make up 67.85% of all Diablo item drops. Normal Items like Clubs, Maces, Flails, Cap, Quilted Armor, Light Plate etc.
We know that not all Base Items have Unique and Set versions. If we apply that to our calculations and move every item that will always Fail the Unique check and Set check, we get the Final Item Distribution percentage per Magic Find with our gear:
​
Item distribution
Let's look at Andariel's final Chance for Base Item upgrade and Item Distribution percentage:
​
Final Chance Graph (Andariel)
Item distribution (Andariel)
Because Andariel is now “quest bugged” by default, her Quality Factor for Rare items is 1024. Which means, technically, no Magic item will drop from her. ALL Magic items from Andariel are Failed Set items.
Let's look at Unique Monsters final Chance for Base Item upgrade:
Final Chance Graph (Unique monster)
Chance for Unique upgrade flatlines rather quickly. It goes from 3.510% at 500 MF to 3.959% at 1000 MF. Chance for Set upgrade basically maxes out at 300 MF. Chance for Rare continues to rise slowly but it is because of Normal item types. Exceptional/Elite reaches max around 490 MF and Class Specific reaches max at 220 MF.

TLDR

More Magic Find is always better for Unique items. But for everything else (Set, Rare, Magic items), more Magic Find can mean less! No matter your clear speed or players in the game!
If you want to maximize your chances for that elusive item you are looking for you need to have the optimal amount of Magic Find for that specific item
Just considering EffectiveMF graph is misleading because it doesn't show the true extent of diminishing returns of your Magic Find Gear.
If you have any questions or remarks, please let me know.

I have a small covered patio similar to the picture linked below, but a little smaller. What are my options for getting a screen that keeps the bugs away? I live in an area that could get pretty windy so it needs to be able to withstand that as well.
https://imgur.com/a/8QBMyw3
I tried the magnetic garage door screens and it doesn’t work well.

Hi all, I have recently purchased a V12 HT and I have some questions about it, and was hoping some of you might have this wheel and can provide some insight

1. My battery won't charge past 94%. The first time I plugged my EUC to charge, there was a spark between the connector and the port on the EUC. I reached out to Inmotion a couple of days ago, but there was no response. it's a long weekend, so I can wait a little longer. Should I be concerned? What should I do? I wish it could charge all the way to 100%
   
2. The speakers are pretty much unusable. Every time I accelerate, the volume on the speakers gets reduced. It kind of seems like there's isn't enough power to go to the speakers during acceleration. When I accelerate, the music pretty much cuts out. When I start braking, the music comes back. It's pretty annoying and makes using the speaker at low speeds pretty much unusable. Is this normal?
   
3. The lights on the side of the EUC seem a little dimmer than what I see online. During YouTube videos, it seems like you can see the lights on the side pretty well even during the daytime, but my lights are very dim and you can only really see them on at night. Is there a setting I need to change? I have only used the official InMotion app. I haven't tried EUC World or any of the third party apps yet.
   

I would appreciate any and all responses! I only have 20 miles on the EUC so I'm not sure what to expect

Hey everyone. As a bit of background, I'm a former FAA Aviation Safety Inspector (ASI). No, I'm not your_friendly_asi, though I've communicated with them. I've previously posted about my path to 1500 hours, and I've made incognito comments about what the FAA is or isn't likely do while I was employed as an ASI. However, the FAA's social media policy is both ambiguous and strict, so I was careful about what I said. Now that I'm no longer employed, I'm comfortable sharing a bit more about the ASI job, and what the FAA (either as an agency, as a FSDO, or as an individual ASI) is likely to do in certain circumstances.
Of course, one of the biggest concerns as a pilot is what happens when you become the subject of a FAA investigation, whether you were the one that screwed something up or you were caught by proxy (i.e. as someone's instructor). There are a lot of misconceptions among the pilot community about what's going to happen to you, and what you need to do. So, let's talk about it!
Obligatory note that I am no longer employed with the Federal government of the FAA, and that the information below is my personal viewpoint and not an official position of the FAA. All of this information is available publicly via FAA orders which dictate how investigations and deviations are handled. I'm not telling you anything secret or proprietary here. Also note that each FAA office can operate a little differently, but still be within the policies and guidance.

Why would the FAA investigate me?

The FAA is charged with investigating anything which falls within it's 9 "areas of responsibility", as mandated by Congress and 49 USC. See FAA order 8020.11, as revised. Those areas include the competency of FAA-certificated airmen, and violations of Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR). Therefore, if the FAA becomes aware that there is a possibility that you may have violated a regulation or that you might not be competent for whatever reason, the FAA is mandated to look into it.
You would probably find yourself in this situation after making some sort of error or mistake. It's not hard as a pilot to violate a regulation, if we're being perfectly honest. 91.123(a) is probably the most common violation - failure to comply with an ATC clearance. This is fairly all-encompassing. You could take a wrong turn during taxi, land on the wrong runway, get off your assigned altitude or route while IFR, or anything else you can think of which ATC instructed to do but you didn't for whatever reason. And this is just one single regulation in Part 91 - obviously there are hundreds of regulations in 14 CFR which you could potentially run afoul of, though ATC clearances are the most commonly investigated because ATC notices you deviated from your clearance and essentially snitches on you (not hating on them - more on that later).

How would I know I'm being investigated?

Ultimately, you'll know because eventually someone at the FAA will contact you. It will usually be an ASI. Depending on the source of the report and the workload of the ASI, you may not hear anything until a month or so after the event. The ASI may send you a formal Letter of Investigation (LOI), a Compliance Program and Pilot's Bill of Rights (CP & PBR) brochure, or they may just try to give you a phone call initially. ASIs CAN text you and email you! Many ASIs are issued cell phones, and nothing says they can't try to get a hold of you using any means. My process was to call the pilot and ask for an email address so that I could send some information that way, instead of needing to physically throw something in the snail mail. Policies can vary by each office, though.
If you mess something up and ATC issues you what's known as a Brasher warning (i.e. "possible pilot deviation" usually along with "I have a phone number for you to call"), it doesn't guarantee that you're going to end up being investigated. Depending on what happened, though, ATC may be required to submit something called a MOR, or a Mandatory Occurrence Report. So yes, ATC sometimes snitches on you, but they're required to for certain things. It can also be controller and facility dependent as to what they will file reports for - if a facility is seeing a lot of the same deviations/violations, they might start filing reports even if it's something minor in order to try to put some attention on it higher up. This report makes its way through the ATC chain until it is eventually forwarded to the FSDO with responsibility over the event. If you're a GA pilot, the FSDO covering the geographical area where you messed something up will investigate. If you're a certificate holder or fly for one (part 121, 135, etc), the report will go to the FSDO, CHDO, or CMO which manages that certificate. Routing all of this is a whole process, which is why it can take a month or more after the event to be contacted by the FAA.

An ASI contacted me after some sort of event happened... F*%#. Now what?

Straight to jail, obviously. Might as well cut up your certificates too, before they come pick you up. It will show the ASI that you feel bad about what you did, and that you respect his authoritah, which may lead to a reduced sentence.
Nah, you're probably one of about 12 PDs (Pilot Deviations) on the ASI's desk right now. Remember that whole mandate for the FAA to investigate certain things? The ASI is most likely not out to get you, he's just doing his bureaucratic job. Keep in mind that an ASI is also a pilot, holding at least a Commercial Pilot Certificate and meeting Airline Transport Pilot qualifications, and if he's a General Aviation Operations ASI he's also a current CFI with at least a few hundred hours of instructing. He's going to contact you as described above, send you the Pilot's Bill of Rights in some form, and probably try to schedule a time to talk with you about what happened. This will normally just be a phone call. The ASI might also ask you to provide copies of some things, like your logbooks showing that you were current and had the appropriate endorsements for the type of flight you were conducting. Your pilot and medical certificates can be looked up, but you may also be asked for copies of those to verify that you have them in your possession and that they match. Other things may be requested, as appropriate, depending on what exactly happened.
The purpose of the interview (phone call, or otherwise) is for the ASI to determine a few things: what happened, why it happened, if it was intentional, and why you are or aren't likely to do the same thing again. In short, the ASI is tasked with gathering all of the facts associated with the event, and performing a Root Cause Analysis to determine why whatever it is that happened did happen. Your input and perspective as the pilot is very important to this, because nobody knows what you were thinking or what you were seeing except you. Without your input, the ASI has to make a determination on what to do about the event with only the other limited information available.
The possible outcomes of this investigative process are typically: No Action, Compliance Action, Remedial Training via FAAST, 49 USC 44709 Reexamination, or Enforcement Action. There are also things called SNAAPs which are basically warning letters, but they aren't commonly used in most FSDOs for GA pilots. Ultimately, the ASI and the FSDO/CHDO/CMO is empowered to take any action which they feel will ensure continued safety of the National Airspace System.

Some of those outcomes don't sound encouraging. What's going to happen to me? Sounds like "straight to jail" is still on the table.

I'd say that over about 95% of the time, a PD is going to be resolved with Compliance Action. This is part of the FAA's new Compliance Program/Philosophy. I'd really recommend a quick read of FAA Order 8000.373, as it's only a page and a half and really sums up the point of the Compliance Program. If you get the CP & PBR brochure (see it here), it also explains the general idea. The FAA at one point figured out that to actually enhance aviation safety, they needed to obtain the perspective of pilots involved in deviations. Pilots aren't willing to share information which might be incriminating, though, if there is no incentive to do so. Why would you tattle on yourself if the FAA is just going to use that information to work on taking your certificate away via Enforcement Action?
The Compliance Program allows an ASI to resolve a probable regulatory violation or deviation without resorting to Enforcement Action. The potential corrective actions are pretty limitless and are at the discretion of the ASI and the office, but typically this is accomplished via Compliance Action Counseling. The ASI is going to review their Root Cause Analysis with you, and offer feedback and suggestions in order to help ensure that the situation does not occur again. This is normally done via a phone call, with a follow-up letter. For simple violations, half of the time I would simply complete counseling on the phone immediately after the interview with a pilot. Occasionally, Remedial Training would be suggested if a pilot was very rusty and the event involved something like a runway incursion where the consequenses were potentially more serious if things happened to go really sideways.
The thing with the Compliance Program is that the ASI needs to be confident that you also understand the root cause of the event, and that you are willing and able to comply with applicable regulations in the future. "Willing" means that you're willing to openly talk to the ASI about the event and share what happened, what you learned, and how you plan to mitigate against such a situation in the future, so you might want to think about that before your conversation. "Able" means that you are competent and proficient enough to exercise your privileges without invoking future violations, among other things. Entering into the interview conversation having already thought about the root causes, and what you've already done or are going to do to ensure that the event won't be a repeat occurrence will do a huge amount to assure the ASI that you are indeed willing and able to comply in the future.
If there is a serious question as to your competency, you might be looking at a 44709 reexamination ("709 Ride"). As most pilots know, this is essentially a checkride, or a portion thereof, conducted by the ASI to evaluate whatever Areas of Operation of the applicable ACS or PTS that you have been identified as potentially being deficient in. These are fairly rare, and generally only occur after things like accidents where a pilot's actions or story indicate that they really may not have known what they're doing. If you mess up an instrument approach in IMC reeeeally badly, ATC has to intervene repeatedly, and you don't think that you did anything wrong after the fact and that it was all ATC's fault, you may also be looking at a 709 ride, for example.
Enforcement Action is typically reserved for the most egregious violations, or violations where a pilot willingly and deliberately engaged in a violation or another sort of illegal activity. If you're flying with literally everything expired, both in terms of yourself and the airplane, and you're doing other dumb and illegal things during that flight like buzzing people or houses, there's no way that you shouldn't have known better. This is the process in which your certificates are in danger, or you're looking at civil penalties or criminal charges, as applicable. If you made an honest mistake, even if it resulted in a totaled airplane and a hospital stay, Enforcement Action is extremely unlikely because the Compliance Program is designed to handle most unintentional violations. Enforcement cases are also a huge workload and pain in the rear for both the ASI and the office.

So for each outcome, what does it mean in the end? Will it be on my record anywhere?

For Compliance Action, Remedial Training, and a successfully passed 709 Ride, typically, no. Once you successfully complete whatever the requirement is for you to return to compliance, you'll receive a letter stating that the FAA/ASI have determined there is no cause for further action and that you may consider the matter closed. These events don't show up on any record that the FAA would normally forward about you, i.e. in a PRIA request or via the Pilot Records Database. However, many aviation employers and airlines do now specifically ask if you have ever been the subject of a FAA investigation, a 44709 reexamination, or something along those lines. Whether or not they have the means to verify this with the FAA, I'm not sure and I honestly really doubt, but it would be at your own risk to not report such events to an employer if asked.
For a failed 44709 Reexamination (x2 - you usually get two shots, unless the first one was so terrible that the ASI believes you have absolutely no chance whatsoever of passing a second time) or Enforcement Action, those will turn up because the result will usually be a certificate suspension, revocation, or downgrade. Enforcement Action will likely having you talking to the FAA's attorneys in an attempt to settle the matter with a suspension or something similar. If you did something really big, illegal, and intentional, you're probably headed to the NTSB judges eventually, though they're backed up years because they handle all of the Department of Transportation cases and not just the FAA. They also do so with only a handful of judges.
So really, an honest mistake with today's FAA isn't that big of a deal so long as you weren't intentionally violating regulations, and you're willing to talk about what happened and why it's not going to happen again. The ASI will appreciate your cooperation in quickly clearing another PD off his task list, and you can get back to flying without the trip to jail.

FAQs

Why are pilots so afraid of this process, then? If you're not lying, it doesn't sound so bad.

The "old" FAA didn't have the Compliance Program. The only tool in their toolbox was a hammer (Enforcement Action), and every violation or other problem was a nail. Any little mistake that a pilot made did carry real jeopardy that their certificate was in danger. Obviously, that didn't foster trust that the FAA was really there to help, because they often weren't. There was also a time before ASRS/ASAP reporting and other programs which reduced or eliminated the penalties in exchange for information sharing. Essentially, the FAA finally figured out that if they wanted to improve aviation safety, they needed honest and accurate information from pilots. Pilots weren't inclined to share information if it would be used against them and enforcement was the only outcome. Programs were created to remove the consequences of an unintentional violation, and those are now the primary ways that deviations are resolved. Many pilots are still afraid of the "old" FAA, even though in practice it no longer really exists.

Do I need a lawyer to talk to the FAA or ASI during an investigation?

No. If you have access to one at no cost through another benefit like AOPA or employer insurance, go for it. However, lawyers just become an intermediary to work through, especially for simple deviations. If you want to minimize consequenses, you're going to personally talk to the ASI and you're going to openly share information about the event. A lawyer can't get you out of an investigation or the outcome, because they can't override the very broad 49 USC authority that the FAA has been given in both investigating and reexamining airmen. If you know for sure you're looking at an Enforcement Action, you can still settle with the FAA attorneys on your own, but a laywer at that point is up to you. Heading to NTSB court? Yeah, lawyer up, because you done messed up now, A-A-Ron.
You are always free to retain a lawyer and direct the FAA to communicate with them at any time, and most ASIs really don't care one way or another, but I would say it's an unnecessary expense if your deviation was an honest mistake. Do whatever makes you feel better, though.

Should I really talk to the ASI during the investigation? This seems like a trap.

As explained, the Compliance Program is only an option if you're willing and able to comply. If you're not willing to openly and honestly talk about the event, you're not really willing to comply. The alternative if you are determined to have violated a regulation is Enforcement Action, soooo... your choice!

What if I don't want to disclose everything to the ASI? What all do they know/have access to?

More often than not, the ASI has the ATC data regarding the event. This includes the radar data and ATC communications. They can play back the portion of your flight in question, so they can see where you actually were, what you were actually doing, and what was actually said. They of course also have access to the FAA databases for your certificates, medical, aircraft, and prior contact with the FAA. I wouldn't suggest lying about any of that.
An ASI reviews all of this before reaching out to you, so usually your conversation is just to fill in the gaps and figure out what was going on in the airplane from your perspective. If I can see or hear from ATC data that you took a wrong turn during taxi and then were embarassed about it before I even talk to you, I probably just have one or two gaps to fill in as to why it happened. Otherwise, unless this is the third time you've come up on my desk this year or you tell me something really abhorrent when we talk, it's almost certainly going to be a Compliance Action Counseling conversation and then good day, sir.

What about the NASA ASRS report? Doesn't that get me out of jail?

Kind of - honestly, an ASI typically isn't even aware if you filed one, or what the status of that is. It would likely come into play if you were facing Enforcement Action. Filing a report will not guarantee that an investigation does not occur, or that you will not need to talk to an ASI. It only guarantees that you will be immune to civil penalties or certificate suspension if you file a report in a timely manner, and you weren't doing something illegal. The information in your report also can't be used for enforcement purposes. That said, if the FAA finds out about a potential violation a month later, and you knew about it but didn't file a report, you generally can't go file one after the fact as an oopsie-daisy to try to avoid the consequences. If you suspect you violated something and you're worried about it, it never hurts to file the report. And as explained above, unless you were grossly deficient or intentionally violating a regulation, you're probably only looking at Compliance Action either way.

I received a Letter of Investigation. Am I in more trouble than just receiving the CP & PBR Brochure? What's the difference?

Not necessarily. You're supposed to receive the Pilot's Bill of Rights in some form before the FAA talks to you about an investigation into an event in any substantial manner, regardless of the nature of the investigation or what the expected outcome is. The LOI is required to be sent to you prior to any Enforcement Action, so some ASIs/offices send out LOIs for any report of a Pilot Deviation just in case something is discovered which pushes it into enforcement. Both the Brochure and LOI contain the required Pilot's Bill of Rights notification, so either one works from the ASI's perspective of simply being able to talk to you about the event. The LOI does inherently come off as more intimidating, though, as it's more formal and on the FAA letterhead.

An ASI randomly handed me a CP & PBR Brochure on the ramp, at an air show, etc - am I in trouble?

No, unless they wrote something in the brochure indicating something specific about a potential violation. ASIs are supposed to share the brochures to raise awareness of the Compliance Program whenever they interact with pilots.

I had a bad interaction with the FAA where _____ happened, and it was nothing like what you said.

Sorry about that. Like I said, not every office is the same. Generally, ASIs want to use the Compliance Program to get things out the door where they can. Maybe you got a grumpy ASI, or their office had seen that sort of thing a lot and was cracking down, or there was more to the story. Like any organization, let alone being the fed, there is some inconsistency between regions and offices. Every ASI I personally knew would have done their best to be fair and to follow the CADP (Compliance Action Decision Process), which I more or less explained in the sequence of events above.

I have another question about what the FAA would or wouldn't do.

Feel free to post it or DM me - I can't guarantee any specific course of action or outcome, and I don't speak for the FAA officially, but I might know some stuff about things regarding your Q.

Does this fictional race sound too evil?
Zaraths are medium-sized species that resemble purple-skinned goblinoids. They live in small tribes in rainforests near swamps and marshes,as a warm habitat is most comfortable for them. They're a bit shorter than humans on average,as an average male is about 5 feet 6 inches (168 cm) and females a little over 5 feet (152 cm),on average weighing between 140-210 lbs (63 - 95 kg). In general,they tend to be within that weight range and between 5-6 feet (152-182 cm) in height,with some rare specimens nearing 7 feet (210 cm) and a whopping 300 lbs (135 kg). They resemble larger,bulkier goblins with purple scaly skin,somewhat pig-like noses,and vampire-like fangs protruding from their upper jaw,described as having a 'monstrous,abomimable appearance'. Their lifespan is between 60-80 years,some even reaching 150. They are omnivorous and opportunistic,eating anything they can find ranging from insects and carrion to plants they steal from farmers and animals they hunt down themselves
Zaraths live in small tribes with strictly regimented hierarchies,where the largest and most violent males often end up at the top. Laws in zarath societies are harsh,tyrannical,overly strict,oppressive,unfair and draconian,with violent and brutal punishments for anyone caught breaking them. Their culture is one that glorifies cruelty,war and violence,with the chief god of their pantheon,Bezagoth,being the god of war and fire,as they sometimes set ritual bonfires and chant to honor him and other times they see slain enemy soldiers in wars as sacrifices to Bezagoth.
Zaraths are known for their crude,vulgar and brutish demeanor. Their tribes often enjoy brutally massacring and enslaving each other in wars,and tribes very frequently squabble,but are willing to ally in certain situations like wars with non-zaraths. They also have a reputation for burglary,as zarath soldiers often break into houses in villages during wars to steal any valuables they can find inside. They also use brutal psychological fear tactics against their foes during war,such as putting the severed heads of slain enemy soldiers on pikes and carrying them around as a warning. Zarath sorcerers are known to cast dark magic spells on enemy armies to weaken them.
Zaraths have very limited intelligence and are semi-literate,as well as being very easily distracted and forgetful. They're capable of logic and reasoning somewhat,but pretty much only the bare minimum,having a hard time grasping abstract concepts (by D&D standards,they would prob have an intelligence of 8-9).
They are known for their short tempers and for being very easy to provoke,and when this does happen,they will basically just start throwing a tantrum and grabbing any random objects (rocks,sticks,etc.) they can find near them and throw them at any living thing in sight,as well as making animalistic noises like grunting,shrieking or roaring. Their fighting style lacks technique,as they often charge into battle while swinging their swords,battleaxes and other weapons around randomly while hoping to hit something. They are militaristic and warlike in nature,sometimes losing wars against other races because they get distracted and start fighting with each other over petty reasons. While they do supposedly have 'tribal codes of honor',these 'codes' are often vague,arbitrary and inconsistent. They're also known to be sadistic and verbally abrasive,often heard loudly insulting,cursing and yelling at their enemy soldiers while fighting.
A zarath tribal chief is known as a despot:while this term for humans is a negative one that implies a tyrannical or oppressive figure,to zaraths it is a neutral term simply meant to refer to any leader of a clan,regardless of whether they see said leader as good or bad. Thus,tribes are known as despotries,while several smaller tribes united in a larger confederation are known as an overdespotry,led by a chief known as the overdespot.
Zaraths engage in various taboo practices any civilized species would be disgusted by,such as ritual sacrifice and cannibalism,with zaraths being documented to carry away,cook and eat corpses of enemy dead they find on the field after a battle ends,including the flesh of rival zarath tribes.
While most civilized species fear and dislike war,zaraths and others similar to them rejoice and celebrate the sound of war horns:they don't even care if they themselves end up dying,as zaraths see waging war in and of itself as a sacred act,relishing brutally massacring their enemies and seeing death in battle as an honor,with zarath tribes often building temples/shrines to honor fallen commanders.
Non-zarath farmers hate them the most out of everyone because when a zarath cavalry arrives in a village during a war,they'll steal all the livestock and crops they can find,break into and burglarize houses to search for gold and other valuables inside,and sometimes even kidnap and enslave conquered villages.
Some of their biggest advantages are their poison resistance and pain tolerance:their stomachs can digest rotten food and they are immune to several types of poison,and they are physically resilient enough to charge head-first through a wall and smash directly through it without feeling much pain (to a zarath,this would just feel like a small,brief headache rather than a straight up dangerous injury).
Do these guys sound too extreme and brutal?
View Poll

Hey friends, if you want to skip the context, my actual questions are at the end of the post.
I've been running a Pathfinder for Savage Worlds game since the turn of the year, my group just hit Seasoned (the Savage Worlds equivalent of level 3-5, roughly), and it's going pretty well! (For the morbidly curious, I've posted a couple summaries over on the Matt Colville subreddit, but those maniacs are not exactly why I'm here.
As we discuss the future, my wife (who is a player both in my Savage Pathfinder game, and our other group, which is currently playing Dresden Files Accelerated) has often brought up the idea of a campaign based around a magic school, frequently citing a certain well-known module for The Dragon Game, though both she and I know it's actually not that well written, and neither she nor our friends would be likely to enjoy it very much without quite a bit of change.
SO. I have enough Savage Worlds material to make "magic school" happen pretty much however I like, but since I'm already running a game set in Golarion, and I'm positive there are at least a couple such institutions to choose from, that seemed like the simplest setup. And a bit of research led me to the Acadamae and the Academy of Secrets adventure, but I couldn't find much more in terms of arcane schools.
These then, are my biggest questions for you Pathfinder veterans:
First, is Academy of Secrets all there is, as far as "magic school adventures"? It looks like fun, but I was hoping for something a little more extended. Also, it's definitely not a starting adventure. I can make a campaign happen either way, I just like to get whatever guidance I can: a full Adventure Path would be ideal. I'll take a look at whatever's out there, though!
Second, are there other canonical "magic schools" on Golarion besides the Acadamae, even if they don't have an associated adventure or AP? The only other candidates I could find were the Academy of Applied Magic which seems to focus on producing magic items, and [Academy of the Arts]9https://pathfinderwiki.com/wiki/Academy_of_the_Arts_(Celwynvian)) which seems pretty clearly no longer in operation.
Thanks in advance, everybody, and happy adventuring!

Hi all,
I’ve been chatting everyday with this girl I met on a dating sub for a couple weeks now. We called a few times and video called twice, and we have both been pretty straightforward about our feelings. Our conversation are pretty random (she is extroverted, I am definitely not) but I’m satisfied overall - especially considering I am very inexperienced at all this.
However, I feel like recently she has been a little distant and I find it hard to come up with interesting or meaningful topics without sounding forced. She also has going to have a very busy week at uni and she said she is not sure she’ll have time to call (sigh). Also, I feel like our only videocall so far was a little mediocre and not really up to expectations.
How can I show support and interest without appearing desperate or suffocating? How can I get things a little further, in a romantic/ “sexual” way, without the help of physical contact?

(english isn't my first language...)
atp i just feel like I'm postponing my suicide...
So, I am an 18yo boy and I've been struggling with suicidal thoughts for about 3 years, to offer a little bit of context: i was bullied quite a bit during school, never had no friends up to now, no romantic experience (even though I'm pretty much indifferent about romantic relationship), i graduated in high school during the covid-19 pandemic, and during this time (the quarantine) I spent months without talking to absolutely no one but my parents, so, I was really depressed during that time, and when I graduated I didn't know what to do with my life, i thought I wouldn't be able to get into a university and that made me feel like a loser, I did get into uni though, but stil i feel the same way that i did before, I'm still thinking about suicide, I'm doing very well academically, i am going to publish an article, i am getting some money and everyone in my classroom thinks that I'm too fucking smart, but I'm not, i study all day and night everyday because that's the way I found to run away from my loneliness and from my suicidal thoughts, and If I wasn't doing academically good I'd be destroyed because my studies is everything I have... Idk, i think that all my problems boils down to my loneliness, to the fact that all i do is study, to the fact that I don't go out of my house except for uni, i don't have no friends and I spent days or weeks without talking to no one, and I can't make friends with my classmates because I ain't got nothing in common with them, tbh they don't want me as friends... the funny thing is that i don't usually feel lonely or depressed because I keep myself as busy as I can (but the suicidal thoughts are always there). I just didn't kill myself before because I am a coward bitch, but now i got money to buy a gun (which is not difficult in my country), and I'm sure that I'll be able to kill myself if I get a gun. I just feel like my life is meaningless, i ain't got no reason to keep living, and, I know that it's stupid, but the fact that nobody knows me or cares about me is driving me crazy, the fact that I've been going through everything by myself, i am just exhausted, idk (and don't tell me to go to clubs and make friends, i live in a small town in a 3rd world country)

vocaroo link
Particular questions - do I sound strained/artificial when girlvoicing, and could my "boy" voice reasonably get read as female if that's what someone is expecting.
I'll just read the post description text since I don't really know what to say. This first part is me trying to speak with my "girl" voice.
For context, I was on testosterone for six years and I stopped taking it in late January of this year. I liked my voice on testosterone but I do want to be able to get into a more feminine-sounding range just for the sake of passing and blending in. I've done a little bit of voice training but I've been pretty lazy and inconsistent with it. I don't really care about having a very feminine voice, but if I could get into the lower female to ambiguous range, I'd be pleased.
And for comparison, this is me speaking in my "boy" voice and not trying to do anything to it. I think my voice has changed a little on its own since stopping hormones, but it's hard to tell. At any rate, I do still sometimes get people reading me as female even when I'm not trying to do anything to my voice, but who knows, it can be pretty inconsistent what people perceive me as.

I am in serious need of advice, even after reading a lot of the info in the welcome post I am not totally sure. I currently have a 100 W ceramic heating bulb and a 75w heat lamp, I have my baby ball in a 40G tank, This one to be exact . My room is pretty cold so I have a little trouble keeping temps up but it does okay during the day. My question though, is what do I do at night? I know I cannot keep a lamp on all night and the ceramic bulb is not enough alone, but I've read so many posts that UTH are not safe. Any recommendations are so appreciated. Thanks!
​
Edit: Spelling